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在科技竞争与区域分化加深的背景下,政府在科技人才议题上的注意力配置若偏离上级导向,将引致人才导向难以充分激发城市创新活力,从而形成政策信号弱化与资源配置失衡并存的地方治理困境。文章基于层级治理视角,以2011—2024年全国地级及以上城市面板数据,构建城市创新活力综合指数与政府科技人才注意力偏差指标,实证检验政府科技人才注意力偏差对城市创新活力的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,政府科技人才注意力偏差对城市创新活力具有显著抑制作用,引发政策信号弱化与资源配置失衡并存的地方治理困境。机制检验表明,金融科技发展的时滞效应能一定程度上减轻治理失配对创新活力的约束,而财政水平越高时,失配约束越强。异质性分析显示,该抑制效应在财政透明度较高的城市、最低工资水平较高的城市以及一线城市中更为突出,在中部地区相对西部地区有所缓和,且在城市群维度呈现显著分化,长三角城市群中约束效应相对较弱,京津冀次之,成渝城市群中显著更强。
Abstract:This study examines how government attention deviation toward science and technology talent affects urban innovation vitality from a hierarchical governance perspective. Under intensifying technological competition and widening regional disparities, deviation in government attention from upper-level policy priorities may prevent talent-oriented governance from fully stimulating urban innovation vitality, thereby creating a local governance dilemma characterized by weakened policy signals and distorted resource allocation. Using panel data for Chinese prefecture-level and above cities from 2011 to 2024, this study constructs a composite index of urban innovation vitality and a measure of government attention deviation toward science and technology talent, and then tests its effect and underlying mechanisms empirically. The results show that government attention deviation toward science and technology talent significantly suppresses urban innovation vitality and gives rise to a local governance predicament marked by weakened policy signals and imbalanced resource allocation. The mechanism analysis shows that the lagged effect of financial technology development partly mitigates the constraining effect of governance mismatch, whereas higher fiscal capacity intensifies it. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the inhibitory effect is more pronounced in cities with higher fiscal transparency, in cities with higher minimum wage levels, and in first-tier cities. The effect is weaker in the central region than in the western region. Across urban agglomerations, the constraining effect is relatively weaker in the Yangtze River Delta, followed by the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and significantly stronger in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration. This study identifies an important governance source of intercity variation in urban innovation vitality and provides empirical evidence for improving coordination on science and technology talent issues, enhancing policy allocation efficiency, and strengthening urban innovation dynamism.
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①为厘清全国各地级市人才引进强度现状,人才引进强度依据地级市2011至2024年政府工作报告文本进行测度。具体地,本文统计其中有关人才引进政策倾向、引进类型、引进服务与引进方式等关键词的出现频次,并按表述强度赋予不同权重。其中,“深化”“深入”“大力”“确保”“扎实”等词的权重设为1.5,“进一步”“继续”“持续扩大”等词的权重设为1.2,其余关键词按基础权重计算。将各类关键词的加权频数加总后,再除以报告总词数,得到人才引进强度指标。
②关键词详细名录如附表1所示。
③企业工商注册原始数据覆盖全国各城市企业注册信息,样本量超过100万条,核心字段包括公司名称、成立日期、所属城市、公司类型及国标行业门类等。清洗过程中发现原始数据存在较为系统的质量问题,累计异常约9万余条,主要表现为:其一,关键字段缺失或省市匹配错误,约8.2万条企业记录“所属城市”缺失或填写城市不属于对应省份;其二,关键字段异常,约0.4万条记录公司名称疑似仅为法人姓名,导致企业身份与城市归属难以核验;其三,少量成立日期存在未来年份等时间逻辑错误。为提高创业活力测度的准确性,本文对上述问题进行了针对性修正:首先,对城市信息缺失或省市不匹配的记录,未简单剔除而是基于公司名称与成立日期借助天眼查进行反向核验并补全注册地址;其次,对无法核实且存在同名混淆的“人名公司”记录予以删除;第三,对极少数年份录入错误的记录通过外部检索进行人工更正。第四,完成清洗后,数据不再存在关键字段空缺,并通过抽样复核确保修正准确。最终,本文将清洗后的企业注册记录按“所属城市-成立年份”进行聚合,得到各城市年度新注册企业数量,并以此作为城市创业主体生成强度,从而刻画城市创业活力。
④该文通过测算各地级市SO2和COD减排目标与其所在省份相应减排目标之间的差额,刻画省级政府在减排目标分解过程中对辖区内各地级市的目标配置偏向。本文借鉴其通过上下级差额刻画层级偏向性的测度思路,构建政府科技人才注意力偏差指标,用以衡量市级政府在科技人才议题上的关注程度相对于上级政府的负向偏离。
基本信息:
中图分类号:C964.2;D630;F124.3
引用信息:
[1]杨文珂,苏屹.层级治理视角下政府科技人才注意力偏差与城市创新活力[J].华东经济管理().
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目C类“金融系统流动性循环赋能新质生产力的动态机制、智能监测与提升策略研究”(72404148)
2026-07-03
2026-07-03
2026-07-03